The Document Master is applied to all pages in your initial publication. You can use a variety of methods to apply a different master to a page.

When you create a master page, remember that it has no effect until you apply it to specific pages. By default, applying a master does not affect existing objects on the page. So, if you apply a master with margins or column setups that differ from the page's original master, you might need to reflow text or reposition objects on the page to fit them within the new master's page design.

However, you can choose the Adjust Layout option on the Master Pages palette menu to have PageMaker automatically reposition (and even resize) text, graphics, and ruler guides on the pages to which the new master is applied, based on the margins and column setup of the new master. See Adjusting a layout automatically.


When you apply a master page (left), objects on the page are repositioned only if Adjust Layout is selected on the Master Pages palette menu (right).

In addition to using the default Document Master in your publication, you can create a master page from scratch, or create a master based on an existing master or publication page. If you plan to have several master pages that share one or more design attributes (such as position and formatting of page numbers), you can save time by designing the Document Master page or spread, and then basing additional masters on the Document Master, rather than creating each new master from scratch.

To make a new master from scratch:
1 Choose Window > Show Master Pages.
2 Choose New Master Page from the Master Pages palette menu, or click the new master button () at the bottom of the palette.
3 Type a name for the master, and specify whether you want a single page or a two-page spread.

If your publication is single-sided, you do not have the option of creating a spread. See Setting up pages for more information on creating single-sided or double-sided pages.

4 Specify the margins, number of columns, and space between the columns.

If you are creating a two-page master spread, be sure to specify columns and the distance between them for both left- and right-hand pages in the spread.

5 Click OK.

PageMaker displays the newly created master page in the publication window, and adds its name to the Master Pages palette.

To make a new master from an existing master page:
1 Choose Window > Show Master Pages.
2 Do one of the following:
# Drag the name of the master you want to duplicate to the new master button (). In the dialog box that appears, type a name for the new master, and then click Duplicate.
# Choose Duplicate from the Master Pages palette menu, and in the dialog box that appears, select a master to duplicate. Specify a name for the new master, and click Duplicate.

The new master page becomes active, and its name appears on the Master Pages palette.

To make a new master from an existing page:
1 Turn to the publication page on which you want to base a new master.
2 Choose Window > Show Master Pages.
3 Choose Save Page As from the Master Pages palette menu.
4 Type a name, and then click Save.

Objects and guides are copied to the new master, as well as master elements from the master page applied to the selected publication page. The new master page then becomes active, and its name appears on the Master Pages palette.

In addition to using the default Document Master in your publication, you can create a master page from scratch, or create a master based on an existing master or publication page. If you plan to have several master pages that share one or more design attributes (such as position and formatting of page numbers), you can save time by designing the Document Master page or spread, and then basing additional masters on the Document Master, rather than creating each new master from scratch.

To make a new master from scratch:
1 Choose Window > Show Master Pages.
2 Choose New Master Page from the Master Pages palette menu, or click the new master button () at the bottom of the palette.
3 Type a name for the master, and specify whether you want a single page or a two-page spread.

If your publication is single-sided, you do not have the option of creating a spread. See Setting up pages for more information on creating single-sided or double-sided pages.

4 Specify the margins, number of columns, and space between the columns.

If you are creating a two-page master spread, be sure to specify columns and the distance between them for both left- and right-hand pages in the spread.

5 Click OK.

PageMaker displays the newly created master page in the publication window, and adds its name to the Master Pages palette.

To make a new master from an existing master page:
1 Choose Window > Show Master Pages.
2 Do one of the following:
# Drag the name of the master you want to duplicate to the new master button (). In the dialog box that appears, type a name for the new master, and then click Duplicate.
# Choose Duplicate from the Master Pages palette menu, and in the dialog box that appears, select a master to duplicate. Specify a name for the new master, and click Duplicate.

The new master page becomes active, and its name appears on the Master Pages palette.

To make a new master from an existing page:
1 Turn to the publication page on which you want to base a new master.
2 Choose Window > Show Master Pages.
3 Choose Save Page As from the Master Pages palette menu.
4 Type a name, and then click Save.

Objects and guides are copied to the new master, as well as master elements from the master page applied to the selected publication page. The new master page then becomes active, and its name appears on the Master Pages palette.

In multipage publications, your design will be more cohesive if each page is built on a common foundation, or master page. A master page typically contains basic design elements, such as headers, footers, and page numbers, that are common to most or all pages in your publication. Master pages also contain nonprinting layout guides, such as column guides, ruler guides, and margin guides. Each publication can have a virtually unlimited number of master pages.

You can create, modify, and delete objects on master pages just like any other objects, but you must do so from the master pages themselves.

Each publication you open contains a Document Master page or (if the publication includes facing pages) a Document Master page spread. The Document Master applies to all pages in the publication until you specify otherwise, and -cannot be renamed or removed from the publication.

An icon representing the master pages appears at the lower left corner of a publication window in layout view. The letters L and R (for left and right) mark the master page icon for facing pages; a single-sided publication icon is marked by an R alone. Click the icon to turn to the master applied to the current publication page.















Double-sided master pages (left) and single-sided master page (right)

You can vary the number of columns on -different parts of the same page. For -example, you may want two columns on the top half of the page and three -columns on the bottom. You can mix columns in almost any combination within the limit of 20 columns per page.

Completed layout with different column setups

To create different column setups on the same page:

1 Choose Layout > Column Guides, type the number of columns you want to have in the top part of your page, and then click OK.

2 Position a ruler guide where you want the two-column format to end.

3 Position text within the first column down to the ruler guide. Then click the bottom of the windowshade handle.







4 Position text within the second column down to the ruler guide.

5 Repeat step 1, but this time type the number of columns you want to have in the bottom part of your page, and make sure that the Adjust Layout option is not selected in the dialog box. Then pull a ruler guide down and position it where you want the top of the columns to begin.




6 Place the rest of the text within the newly defined columns, or -select another document to place.

To adjust column widths, you can move the column guides by dragging them. The two lines forming the gutter between columns move together. Text and graphics already on the page are not changed in any way when you drag column guides.

The leftmost and rightmost column guides, which overlap the margin guides, move individually. (Moving these column guides does not affect the margin guides.) All other column guides move in pairs, so that the space between columns remains consistent.

Note: If you choose the Column Guides command after moving column guides manually, the word Custom appears for the Number of Columns -option. The space between columns remains as originally specified.

Once you have set up your columns, you can lock them in place to prevent accidental moving.

To lock or unlock column and ruler guides:

1 Choose View > Lock Guides.

You create columns to control the flow of text in text blocks that you place automatically, and to help position text and graphics. How you specify columns is determined by the command you use:

Before and after column guides are applied

~ The Layout > Column Guides command creates a specified number of columns of identical widths, fitting them within the margins of the page. If text or graphics are already on the page, PageMaker can reposition them to align with the revised column setup if you select Adjust Layout in the Column Guides dialog box. See Adjusting a layout automatically for details.
~ The Utilities > Plug-ins > Grid Manager command fits columns within any area you specify, or creates columns of a specified width. For more information, see Creating and applying layout grids.

You can create up to 20 columns on a page. (The default setting is one column per page, which is the entire area between the margins.) To save time and ensure consistency, add column guides to master pages rather than to specific publication pages. For more information about setting up columns on master pages, see Using guides with master pages.

To set up columns on a page:
1. Turn to the publication page or master page where you want the columns.
2. Choose Layout > Column Guides.

When facing pages appear in the publication window and you choose Column Guides, the Set Left and Right Pages Separately option appears so that you can set columns differently for each page.

3 Type the number of columns you want on the page and the space you want between columns (the gutter).

If you are setting left and right pages separately, type values for both pages.

4 Select Adjust Layout if you want existing text and graphics on the page to adjust to the revised column setup, and then click OK.

PageMaker creates the specified number of columns, equally spaced and equally sized.

Nonprinting guides are lines that help you position objects on pages but do not appear in print. These lines form the framework of the layout grid. There are three kinds of non-printing guides: margin guides, column guides, and ruler guides.

A. Ruler guide B. Margin guide C. Column guide

~ Margins are defined in the Document Setup dialog box when you first create a publication, and are applied to the Document Master page. Margin guides appear automatically on the pages to which the Document Master is applied. Master pages you create in addition to the Document Master can have different margins. You can change the Document Master margins using the File > Document Setup command or by choosing Master Page Options from the Master Pages palette menu with the Document Master selected. You can change the margins on other master pages only by using the Master Page Options command on the Master Pages palette menu.
~ Column guides serve as boundaries for text you place within them. Every page has at least one column, which is the area between the margins. When you specify multiple columns (with the Layout > Column Guides command, or when creating or editing a master page), PageMaker automatically creates columns of equal size that fit between the margins. To create unequally sized columns, use the pointer tool to drag the column guides to the positions you want.
# Ruler guides, like column guides, are non-printing lines that help you align items on a page. Unlike column guides, ruler guides don't control the flow of text; they help you align objects precisely.

You can define and revise each kind of guide separately, or you can use the Grid Manager plug-in to define and save a collection of margin, column, and ruler guides as layout grids; see Creating a grid. You can apply a grid to any range of pages in the publication, and reuse grids in other publications.

To display or hide the column, ruler, and margin guides on the page:
1. Choose View > Show/Hide Guides.

If you try to select an object but instead select a guide that overlaps it, you can press Ctrl (Windows) or Command (Mac OS) to select the object through the guide. Or, you can set guides to display in back of page elements throughout the current publication by choosing View > Send Guides to Back. (To set the option for all new publications you create, choose the command with no publication open.)

To force objects you move or resize to align with the nearest guide:
1. Choose View > Snap to Guides.

All -margin, column, and ruler guides exert a magnet-like pull on any tool, text, or graphic within 3 pixels of the guide. This option makes it easy to align text and graphics precisely to a guide, regardless of whether or not the guide rests on ruler increments.

The zero point is the position at which the zeros on the vertical and horizontal rulers intersect.

When you start a new, single-sided publication, PageMaker puts the zero point at the top left corner of the page. When you work with facing pages, the default zero point is at the intersection of the top inside edges of the facing pages.

You can easily move the zero point to measure distances from a specific part of your page or to customize the way oversized pages print. To avoid accidentally moving the zero point after you set it, you can lock it in place.

To move the zero point:
1. Position the pointer tool on the crosshair in the zero point window.
2. Drag to the new location.
3. Release the mouse button; the zero point is reset.














Before and after zero point is moved

To lock the zero point:
Choose View > Zero Lock.

To reset the zero point:
Double-click the zero point to reset it to the -default location.

You can temporarily override the current unit of measure when you type a value in any dialog box. For example, if you have specified inches as your publication measurement system but want to specify the top margin of your page as 6 picas, type 6p for the top margin in the Document Setup dialog box. PageMaker converts the measurement for you.

To override the unit of measure:
~ Inches: Type i after the number (as in 5.25i for 5-1/ 4 inches).
~ Millimeters: Type m after the number (as in 25m for 25 millimeters).
~ Picas: Type p after the number (as in 18p for 18 picas).
~ Points: Type p before the number (as in p6 for 6 points).
~ Picas and points: Type p between the numbers (as in 18p6 for 18 picas, 6 points).
~ Ciceros: Type c after the number (as in 5c for 5 ciceros).

Each publication window can include horizontal and vertical rulers that extend along the top and left borders of the window. You can display rulers when you need them and hide them when you want more room on the screen to view a publication. The rulers must be visible in order to manually create ruler guides, which are nonprinting extensions of the ruler.

When you need to precisely position text objects and graphics on a page, use the ruler increments. The increments shown on the rulers depend on the size and resolution of your screen, the unit of measure you specify, and the display size you choose. You can make any item you place, resize, or move align to the nearest intersection of tick marks on the invisible grid defined by the rulers.

Invisible grid defined by rulers

Because the rulers set up your layout grid, it's a good idea to choose a measurement system before you begin laying out pages. You can set the unit of measure separately for each ruler. For example, you may want to measure vertical lines of text vertically in points, but prefer millimeters for margins, tabs, and other horizontal measurements.




The horizontal ruler is set to picas; the vertical ruler is set to Custom, 12 points.

The horizontal ruler reflects the unit of measure used for most measurements in the publication. You specify tabs, margins, indents, and other measurements according to the measurement system reflected on the horizontal ruler.

You usually work with one unit of measure throughout a publication, but you can change to another unit of measure at any time. Guides and -objects already positioned using the original measurement system will stay in place, and might not align with the altered ruler tick marks.

To hide or display rulers:

1 Choose View > Show/Hide Rulers.

To select a measurement system and set the vertical ruler:
1. Choose File > Preferences > General.
2. Select the Measurement System option you want to use.
The horizontal ruler reflects the measurement system you select.
3. Select a Vertical Ruler option, and then click OK.

To use points for the vertical measurement, set the vertical ruler to Custom, and then type the number of points you want between tick marks on the ruler--typically this will match the leading for body text in your publication.

You can quickly clear one or more publication pages of the current master page's formatting (with the exception of margins) by applying the None master, which is available from every publication. By default, applying the None master removes only the objects, not the column and ruler guides, that had been on the previously assigned master page; but by using keyboard modifiers as you apply the None master, you can specify that column guides and rulers are also removed from the pages.

To remove master page formatting from several publication pages at a time, choose the Apply command from the Master Pages palette menu and select None as the master. The following procedure explains how to quickly apply None to the active page.

To remove master page formats from a page:
1. Turn to the page you want to change.
2. Use one of the following options:

Note: To apply any of the following changes to only one page in a pair of facing pages, press Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS) and click the side of the None master icon that corresponds to the side of the spread you want to change as you follow the step.
# To remove the master page objects but retain column and ruler guides, click None in the Master Pages palette.
# To remove the master page objects, column guides, and ruler guides, hold down Shift and click None in the Master Pages palette.
# To remove the master page objects and column guides but retain ruler guides, press Alt+Shift (Windows) or Option+Shift (Mac OS), and then click None in the Master Pages palette.
# To remove the master page objects and ruler guides but retain column guides, press Ctrl+Shift (Windows) or Command+Shift (Mac OS), and then click None in the Master Pages palette. (You can only apply this change to both pages in a pair of facing pages.)

When you revise master pages, the changes appear instantly on associated publication pages. You can add or manipulate text and graphics, and change guides or rulers on masters just as you can on any publication page. To change a master page's margins, however, use the Master Page Options command on the Master Pages palette menu, not the File > Document Setup command. Document Setup controls margins for the Document Master (and all pages to which that master is applied).

Note: To change column setup, turn to the master page and use either the Layout > Column Guides command or the Master Page Options command from the Master Pages palette menu.

To revise or rename a master page:
1. Turn to the master page you want to revise. (If you are changing the master's name or its margins or columns only, you can skip this step and go to step 3.)
See Displaying master pages and master page items for more information.
2. Add or modify text, graphics, or nonprinting guides on the page.
If you use the mouse or the Control palette to reposition guides on a master, the changes appear on associated publication pages, but the objects on those pages do not change position or size.
3. To change the master's name, margins, or column guides, either click the name of the master you want to modify and choose Master Page Options from the Master Pages palette menu, or press Ctrl (Windows) or Command (Mac OS) and click the name of the master you want to modify.
4. Type the new name and the new values you want for margins or columns.
5. Select Adjust Layout if you want objects and guides on the associated pages to be repositioned or resized as appropriate for changes to margins and columns of the master you are modifying, and then click OK.

To quickly open the Master Page Options dialog box, press Ctrl (Windows) or Command (Mac OS) and click the name of the Master Page you want to edit.

To delete a master page and all of the objects on it:
1. Choose Window > Show Master Pages.
2. Select the master page to delete, and either choose Delete [master name] from the Master Pages palette menu, or click the Trash button on the bottom of the palette.
3. When prompted, click OK or Delete.

Note: To bypass the prompt message when deleting a master page, press Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS) as you drag the pages to the Trash button at the bottom of the palette.

PageMaker deletes the master, and applies the None master to all pages to which the deleted master had been applied.

You must turn to a master page if you want to add or modify guides and objects on the master. (If you simply want to edit the name of the master or change margins or column setup, you can use the Setup command on the Master Pages palette menu. See Revising, renaming, or deleting masters.)

To turn to a master page, use any of the following techniques:
~ Click the master page icon at the bottom of the publication window to display the master page applied to the current page. If you are working on a spread with two different masters applied, PageMaker turns to the master applied to the right-hand page.
~ Click the right mouse button (Windows) or click the master page icon and hold down the mouse button (Mac OS) until the list of masters appears. Then select the master you want to view.
~ Choose Layout > Go to Page, and then select the name of the master you want.


Note: When the master page icon is highlighted, clicking a master name or icon on the Master Pages palette displays the master you selected. But when a publication-page icon is selected, clicking a master name or icon on the Master Pages palette applies the master.

The guides and objects on the master page appear on the pages to which the master is applied; however, you can specify that a page not display or output the items from its associated master page.

To display or hide master page objects on specific publication pages:
1. Go to the publication page you want to change.
2. Choose View > Display Master Items.

When the menu option is checked, master page items are visible on the page.

You can easily move from one page or spread to another when you are working on a publication with multiple pages. You can go directly to a specific page or thumb through pages in sequential order. You can also view master pages.

To move between publication pages:
Use the technique that suits your needs:
~ Click a page icon along the bottom of the layout window. (Click the left or right arrows to view lower- or higher-numbered page icons.)
~ Choose Layout > Go to Page, and type the page number you want.
~ To go to the previous page, press the Page Up key; to go to the next page, press the Page Down key.
~ To go to the beginning of the text line (Windows) or text block (Mac OS), press the Home key. To go to the end of the text line (Windows) or text block (Mac OS), press the End key.
~ To move sequentially through the publication as in a slide show, press Shift and choose Layout > Go to Page. To stop the slide show, click the mouse, or press any key on the keyboard.

You can edit text in PageMaker either on the page in layout view or as a story in story editor, a word-processing environment.












Layout view (left) and story editor (right)

Major text revisions are quicker and easier to make in story editor, where the focus is on the text, not its appearance. Screen redraw is faster in story editor because only a limited amount of formatting is visible, and navigating through stories is easier because you don't have to change pages or views to see all of the text in a story. Spelling, Find, Find Next, and Change com-mands are available only in story editor.

See Managing story windows for more information about working with several publication and story windows open at the same time.

To open a new story editor window:
Do one of the following:
~ With nothing selected in layout view, choose Edit > Edit Story.
~ In story editor, choose Story > New Story.

To open an existing story in story editor:
1. Select the text object with the pointer tool, or click an insertion point in the text object.
2. Choose Edit > Edit Story.

The existing story opens in story editor with the insertion point positioned at the top of the text object or at the place you clicked within the text object.

With the pointer tool, triple-click a text object to open its story window, or press Ctrl+E (Windows) or Command+E (Mac OS) while text or the text object is selected.

To return to layout view:
1 In story editor, do one of the following:
~ Choose Story > Close Story. You return to your previous position in layout view and close the story window.
~ Choose Edit > Edit Layout. You return to your previous position in layout view without closing the story window.
~ Click in the layout window. The story window remains open but moves behind the layout window.

You can edit text in layout view or in story editor, which is a built-in word processor. You switch between the two views using the Edit Story and Edit Layout commands.

In layout view, you select and edit text with the text tool. This is useful when you need to see how the revisions look on the page, or when you are making only a few changes to the text.

In story editor, you work only on the text, not the layout, so revising text is fast and easy. Working in story editor is a convenient way to type or edit lengthy blocks of text. You can apply formatting to text in story editor, but you won't see most of the formatting until you return to layout view. You can also use story editor to find and change text.

A. Story editor B. Layout view

To work in story editor:
1. Click in a story with the text tool or the pointer tool.
2. Choose Edit > Edit Story.
3. When you are finished working in the story editor, choose Edit > Edit Layout to return to layout view.

The options available when you work with text depend on the tool you use. When you use the text tool, you can type, edit, and format text. Use the pointer tool to manipulate a text block as an object--for example, select, move, and resize it.

To edit or format text, you must first select the range of characters you want to affect. To deselect text, click another insertion point, or select any tool in the toolbox.